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The action accomplished before a
given moment in the Past
- The moment is indicated by the
phrase
"by + Noun"
"By the time + Clause"
- The past moment is indicated by
another action in the past
- In the models:
Hardly,scarcely+Noun+Part2
When + Noun + Verb/past/
No sooner........than
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by that time, by the end
of the year |
They had done it by
5.
They had done it by the time she
came.
They had done it before the
storm began.
Hardly had they done it when the
child began to cry
No sooner had he done it than
the child began to cry |
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The action began before the given
past moment and continued into the past moment
- With verbs not used in the
Progressive forms
- In negative sentences
- With non-terminative verbs such
as: to work, to teach, to live, to travel, to study, to learn
|
since + Clause
since, for + Noun |
They had been
friendly since the very first meeting
They had not done their work
since he returned home
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